Ancient History on the Iberian Peninsula.
Colonisation
Ancient History on the Iberian Peninsula:
From 1100BC, Mediterranean cultures began arriving on the Iberian Peninsula and founding colonies. They were the Phoenicians, Ancients Greeks and Carthaginians.
What they all had in common was that their cultures were based on urban-living trade.
The Phoenicians:
They came from the Near East.
They found colonies on the Mediterranean coast as Gadir (Cádiz) and Malaka (Málaga).
They were the best navigators in the Mediterranean.
They came to Spain to create new trading routes and use its metal resources (gold, silver, iron, and copper).
They traded with other communities such as the Iberians.
They brought their alphabet to the Iberian Península.
The Ancient Greeks:
They founded trading colonies such as Rhode (Rosas) and Emporion (Ampurias)
They had their own currency.
They came to the Iberian Peninsula to develop trade and use its natural resources, including metals.
They were great sculptors.
They influenced other cultures such as the Roman culture.
The Carthaginians:
They came from the city of Carthage in North Africa.
They controlled Ebussus (Ibiza) and found Carthago Nova (Cartagena)-.
They attacked the Greek colony of Saguntum (Sagunto).
They often battled with the Romans.
Outline
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Elaboración propia basado en el libro: Social Science 4º Madrid de la editorial ByME.
Roman Empire on the Iberian Peninsula
The Roman Empire on the Iberian Peninsula:
The Roma conquest of The Iberian Peninsula began in Emporio in 218 BC. It was a gradual conquest and finished the 19BC.
The Romans called the land Hispania.
Important figures and events:
Scipio Africanus was a famous and skilled general for capturing Carthago Nova in 209 BC.
Viriatus was the leader of the province of Lusitania. Lusitania resisted Roman occupation fiercely until Viriatus was assassinated in 139 BC.
Numantia was a Celtiberian town. They resisted for 60 years, but after eight months of siege, many Numantians decided to burn the city down instead of surrendering to the Romans.
Roman legacy:
Structures: bridges, walls, roads, and aqueducts.
Law: Roman Republic and Roman Law.
Language: Latin. Many modern languages are based on Latin, they are called Romance Languages. Romance Languages: Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian...
Religion: Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity in AD 312.
Roman Citizens form Hispania:
Seneca was born in Corduba (Córdoba) in4 BC. He became tutor and advisor of Emperor Nero.
Trajan became emperor of Rome in AD 98. He constructed a column in The Roman Forum to celebrate his victory in Dacia (Romania).
Hadrian became emperor in AD 117. He built a stone wall to separate the Celtic tribes in Caledonia (Scotland) from the rest of Roman Britannia (Britain).
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Roman Legacy
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Roman conquest
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