USEFUL VOCABULARY
FARMING (part of the primary sector)
- Farming:
- Growing crops and
- Raising of animals
STOCKBREEDING (GANADERÍA)
Different ways of saying “ganadería”:
- Stockbreeding, cattle farming, ranching, cattle ranching, cattle raising, raising livestock, livestock farming
.
- Pastoral farming
- Hill sheep farming
- Transhumance
- Grazing (pastar)
- Overgrazing
- Verbs:
- To raise cattle, to raise livestock
- To raise livestock, to raise cows, sheep, lambs, calves….
- To rear (= to raise cattle) (to rear cows, sheep...)
- To graze (pastar)
- To herd (pastorear)
- To stable: estabular
- Animals:
- Cow
- Calf, calves (young cows)
- Piglets (a young pig)
- Chickens, turkeys
- Sheep, hill sheep
- Lamb (a sheep under one year)
- Products:
- Wool, milk, skin, eggs
- Meat: lamb (under 1 year), mutton (meat from an old sheep), beef, pork.
- Nouns:
- Herd: rebaño, manada. Herd of cattle, herd of goats, herd of sheep, herd of pigs
- Herder: pastor
- Shepherd: pastor
- Livestock, cattle (ganado).
- Stable, stall, cow-shed: (establo)
- Other words related to stockbreeding activities
- Shearing (esquilar)
- Milking
- Lambing (parir)
- Calving (parir)
- Grazing (pastoreo)
AGRICULTURE
- VERBS:
- To grow crops, to grow fruit, tomatoes, vegetables, rice
- To plant crops, fruit….
- Nouns:
- Farming: cereal farming, rice farming, arable farming
- Cultivation: Orchard cultivation, Greenhouse cultivation, Tomato cultivation, rice cultivation…
- Shifting cultivation: this cultivation is practiced in the Tropical Rainforest (cultivo de rozas)
- Growing: cereal growing, rice growing, fruit growing
- Crops: orchard crops (lettuce, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers…), salad crops (lettuces, tomatoes, cucumbers), fruit crops, Mediterranean crops (wheat, olives, vineyards)
- Harvest: grape-harvest, wheat-harvest, olive-harvest, fruit-harvest…
- PROCESSES
- Ploughing, planting, weeding, pest control, harvesting, watering, spraying, fertilising,
- MORE VOCABULARY
- Irrigated land (regadío): Inundation canals, drip irrigation, irrigation canals…
- Unirrigated land or dry land (secano)
- Smallholding (minifundio)
- Large estate (latifundio)
- Enclosures: plots of land that are closed with fences or hedgerows
- Open fields: large extensions of land that are not closed.
- Organic farming
- Chemicals: fertilizers or pesticides
- Genetically modified (GM) crops, or GMO, or Transgenic crops
- Mechanisation
- Subsidies
- Quota
- Set-aside
- Overproduction
- Plot of land (Lot of land for American English)
- Drip Irrigation (riego por goteo)
- Crop rotation (rotación de cultivos): we plant different crops in different plots of land, and we can let one plot to fallow (en barbecho).
- Two year rotation system of crop rotation: they left half of the land fallow.
