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Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus (Arabic: الأندلس) was the Arabic name given to those parts of the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims, or Moors, at various times in the period between 711 and 1492.

As a political domain or domains, it was successively a province of the Umayyad Caliphate, the Caliphate of Córdoba (929-1031), and finally the Caliphate of Córdoba's taifa (successor) kingdoms.

For large parts of its history, particularly under the Caliphate of Córdoba, Andalus was famous for learning and the city of Córdoba became one of the leading cultural and economic centers in both the Mediterranean basin and the Islamic world.

In 1236, the Reconquista (gradual Christian reconquest) under the forces of Ferdinand III of Castile progressed as far as the last remaining Islamic stronghold, Granada. Granada was reduced to a vassal state to Castile for the next 256 years, until January 2, 1492, when Boabdil surrendered complete control of Granada to Ferdinand and Isabella.

Mónica Blanco. Important moments during the Middle Age in the Iberian Penisula

Muslims from Northern Africa invaded the Visigothic Kingdom. In only 7 years they conquered most of the territory except of a small part in the Cantabrian area.
The Muslims called the Iberian Penisula Al-Andalus. The capital was Cordoba.
The remained Visigothic Kingdoms were organiced more and more during the next years. When the Christian were strong, they started to fight with the Muslims to recover the territories.
Don Pelayo led the Christian troops. The Christian Kingdoms started the "reconquista" in 722 AD with the battle of Covadonga.
Over the next years, the Christian were conquer more a more territories. This happen because the Muslism were divided.
In 1212, christian soldiers won the battle of Navas de Tolosa. Al-Andalus territory was reduce to the kingdom of Granada.
In the Chistian territories different kingdom were create: Castile, Aragon, Leon, Navarra, Portugal and Catalan counties.
When Fernando and Isabel got married, they united all the kingdoms. They were know as the Catholic Monarchs.




Now test how many things you know.

Who were living in the Iberian Penisula when the Muslims start to come?

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Important battles

Link the battles with the year.

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What was the name of the Iberian Penisula during the years the Morish live in?

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